<?php
/**
 * Bootstrap: hooks the modules into WordPress.
 */

defined( 'ABSPATH' ) || exit;

class CTPS_Plugin {

	/** @var CTPS_Plugin|null */
	private static $instance = null;

	public static function instance() {
		if ( null === self::$instance ) {
			self::$instance = new self();
		}
		return self::$instance;
	}

	private function __construct() {
		add_action( 'init', array( __CLASS__, 'load_textdomain' ), 1 );
		CTPS_Safety::maybe_recovery();
		CTPS_Safety::init();
		// Adaptive Speed 2.0 compatibility layer: detect the stack before any cache/output work.
		WPADAPT_Environment::all();

		// Emergency mode / ctps-off file / CTPS_DISABLE: admin panel only.
		if ( CTPS_Safety::is_disabled() ) {
			add_action(
				'init',
				function () {
					CTPS_Safety::cleanup_when_disabled();
				}
			);
			if ( is_admin() ) {
				CTPS_Admin::init();
			}
			return;
		}

		if ( WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'page_cache' ) && CTPS_Settings::on( 'page_cache' ) ) {
			CTPS_Page_Cache::maybe_serve();
			// Outermost buffer: the cache stores what the visitor really
			// receives, after every other output filter (e.g. LiteSpeed Cache
			// optimizations on a non-LiteSpeed server), not the HTML before them.
			if ( ! is_admin() && CTPS_Page_Cache::request_is_cacheable() ) {
				$this->outer = true;
				if ( self::wp_buffer() ) {
					// WordPress 6.9+: the template output buffer of WordPress hands
					// over the finished page, no buffer of our own.
					add_action( 'wp_finalized_template_enhancement_output_buffer', array( $this, 'store_final' ) );
				} else {
					ob_start( array( $this, 'outer_buffer' ) );
					add_action( 'shutdown', array( $this, 'close_buffers' ), 0 );
				}
			}
		}

		// Critical CSS analysis from the admin panel: page without the admin bar.
		if ( isset( $_GET['ctps_critical'] ) ) { // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.NonceVerification
			add_filter( 'show_admin_bar', '__return_false' );
		}

		// .htaccess rules to write (requested by WP-CLI).
		if ( get_option( 'ctps_htaccess_pending' ) && ! ( defined( 'WP_CLI' ) && WP_CLI ) ) {
			add_action(
				'init',
				function () {
					delete_option( 'ctps_htaccess_pending' );
					if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'htaccess_rules' ) ) {
						CTPS_Htaccess::write();
					}
				}
			);
		}

		// Re-enabled after an emergency (ctps-off file removed, constant removed).
		if ( get_option( 'ctps_disabled_cleaned' ) ) {
			add_action(
				'init',
				function () {
					delete_option( 'ctps_disabled_cleaned' );
					if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'htaccess_rules' ) ) {
						CTPS_Htaccess::write();
					}
				}
			);
		}

		if ( get_option( 'ctps_version' ) !== CTPS_VERSION ) {
			add_action( 'init', array( __CLASS__, 'upgrade' ) );
		}

		CTPS_Cleanup::init();
		CTPS_Media::init();
		CTPS_Front_Assets::init();
		CTPS_Fonts::init();
		CTPS_Webp::init();
		CTPS_Webp_Replace::init();
		CTPS_Headers::init();
		CTPS_Preload::init();
		CTPS_PSI::init();
		CTPS_RUM::init();
		CTPS_Report::init();
		CTPS_Alerts::init();
		CTPS_Asset_Manager::init();
		CTPS_Used_CSS::init();
		CTPS_CDN::init();
		CTPS_Hosting::init();
		CTPS_Object_Cache::init();
		CTPS_Privacy::init();
		$this->prefetch_links();

		if ( is_admin() ) {
			CTPS_Admin::init();
			CTPS_Post_Meta::init();
			CTPS_Wizard::init();
		}

		add_action( 'template_redirect', array( $this, 'start_fallback' ), 0 );
		add_action( 'template_redirect', array( $this, 'start_buffer' ), PHP_INT_MAX );
		add_action( 'ctps_purge_expired', array( 'CTPS_Page_Cache', 'purge_expired' ) );
		add_action( 'update_option_' . CTPS_Settings::OPTION, array( $this, 'on_settings_saved' ), 10, 0 );

		// Purges the cache when content changes.
		// A piece of content changes: only the related pages are purged.
		// Publish/unpublish (status change to or from 'publish'):
		add_action( 'transition_post_status', array( $this, 'purge_on_transition' ), 99, 3 );
		// Update of an already published post (drafts, pending, scheduled: nothing to purge):
		add_action( 'save_post', array( $this, 'purge_post' ), 99 );
		// Before deleting/trashing: afterwards, permalink and type are no longer the public ones.
		add_action( 'before_delete_post', array( $this, 'purge_post' ), 99 );
		add_action( 'wp_trash_post', array( $this, 'purge_post' ), 99 );
		add_action( 'post_updated', array( $this, 'purge_old_url' ), 99, 3 );
		add_action( 'woocommerce_product_set_stock', array( $this, 'purge_product' ), 99 );
		foreach ( array( 'comment_post', 'edit_comment', 'wp_set_comment_status' ) as $hook ) {
			add_action( $hook, array( $this, 'purge_comment' ), 99 );
		}
		// Something that appears on every page changes: purge everything.
		foreach ( array( 'edit_term', 'delete_term', 'switch_theme', 'wp_update_nav_menu', 'customize_save_after', 'activated_plugin', 'deactivated_plugin', 'upgrader_process_complete', 'update_option_sidebars_widgets' ) as $hook ) {
			add_action( $hook, array( $this, 'purge_on_change' ), 99 );
		}
	}

	/** @var array Post IDs already purged in this request. */
	private $purged = array();

	/**
	 * Purges the pages of a published post. Drafts, pending, scheduled and
	 * private posts are not public: editing them leaves the cache alone.
	 */
	public function purge_post( $post_id ) {
		if ( 'publish' !== get_post_status( $post_id ) ) {
			return;
		}
		$this->purge_post_pages( $post_id );
	}

	/**
	 * Purge only when a status change makes a post public or removes it.
	 */
	public static function transition_purges( $new_status, $old_status ) {
		return $new_status !== $old_status && ( 'publish' === $new_status || 'publish' === $old_status );
	}

	public function purge_on_transition( $new_status, $old_status, $post ) {
		// Updates of an already published post (publish → publish) are handled by save_post.
		if ( ! $post instanceof WP_Post || ! self::transition_purges( $new_status, $old_status ) ) {
			return;
		}
		$this->purge_post_pages( $post->ID );
	}

	private function purge_post_pages( $post_id ) {
		$post_id = (int) $post_id;
		if ( ! $post_id || isset( $this->purged[ $post_id ] ) || wp_is_post_revision( $post_id ) || wp_is_post_autosave( $post_id ) ) {
			return;
		}
		$type = get_post_type( $post_id );
		if ( ! $type || ! is_post_type_viewable( $type ) || 'attachment' === $type ) {
			return;
		}
		$this->purged[ $post_id ] = true;
		$urls = CTPS_Page_Cache::purge_post( $post_id );
		CTPS_Preload::enqueue( $urls );
	}

	/**
	 * Address change or page unpublished: the old URL is purged.
	 */
	public function purge_old_url( $post_id, $after, $before ) {
		if ( ! $before instanceof WP_Post || 'publish' !== $before->post_status ) {
			return;
		}
		if ( $before->post_name !== $after->post_name || 'publish' !== $after->post_status || $before->post_parent !== $after->post_parent ) {
			$old = get_permalink( $before );
			if ( $old ) {
				CTPS_Page_Cache::purge_url( $old );
				do_action( 'ctps_urls_purged', array( $old ) );
			}
		}
	}

	public function purge_product( $product ) {
		if ( is_object( $product ) && method_exists( $product, 'get_id' ) ) {
			$this->purge_post( $product->get_id() );
		}
	}

	public function purge_comment( $comment_id ) {
		$comment = get_comment( $comment_id );
		if ( $comment && $comment->comment_post_ID ) {
			$this->purge_post( (int) $comment->comment_post_ID );
		}
	}

	public function purge_on_change( $maybe_post_id = null ) {
		$hook = current_filter();
		if ( in_array( $hook, array( 'activated_plugin', 'deactivated_plugin' ), true ) ) {
			// This plugin itself: deactivate() already removed the cache, and a
			// purge here would schedule the preload cron again.
			if ( plugin_basename( WPADAPT_FILE ) === $maybe_post_id ) {
				return;
			}
			// A mobile-theme plugin changes the mobile cache variant: rewrite the
			// server rules and the early cache config at the end of the request,
			// when the active plugins list has been saved.
			if ( CTPS_Page_Cache::is_mobile_plugin( $maybe_post_id ) && ! has_action( 'shutdown', array( $this, 'refresh_server_rules' ) ) ) {
				add_action( 'shutdown', array( $this, 'refresh_server_rules' ) );
			}
		}
		if ( is_numeric( $maybe_post_id ) && in_array( current_filter(), array( 'save_post', 'deleted_post', 'trashed_post' ), true ) ) {
			if ( wp_is_post_revision( $maybe_post_id ) || wp_is_post_autosave( $maybe_post_id ) ) {
				return;
			}
		}
		CTPS_Page_Cache::purge_all();
	}

	public function refresh_server_rules() {
		CTPS_Settings::flush_cache();
		if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'htaccess_rules' ) && WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'htaccess_rules' ) ) {
			CTPS_Htaccess::write();
		}
		if ( class_exists( 'WPADAPT_Early_Cache' ) ) {
			WPADAPT_Early_Cache::write_config();
		}
	}

	public function on_settings_saved() {
		CTPS_Settings::flush_cache();
		CTPS_Page_Cache::purge_all();
		if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'htaccess_rules' ) && WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'htaccess_rules' ) ) {
			CTPS_Htaccess::write();
		} else {
			CTPS_Htaccess::remove();
		}
		// Checks that the site still works; otherwise reverts to the previous snapshot.
		CTPS_Safety::health_check();
	}

	public function should_optimize() {
		if ( class_exists( 'WPADAPT_Adaptive_Engine' ) && WPADAPT_Adaptive_Engine::should_bypass_output_optimization() ) {
			return false;
		}
		if ( is_admin() || is_feed() || is_embed() || is_robots() || is_trackback() || is_customize_preview() ) {
			return false;
		}
		// Logged-in users (editors, page builders, customers) get the original
		// HTML: lower overhead (measured ~+15 ms per logged-in view) and no risk
		// of rewritten scripts breaking editing tools. Visitors are unaffected.
		if ( is_user_logged_in() && ! apply_filters( 'ctps_optimize_logged_in', false ) ) {
			return false;
		}
		if ( wp_doing_ajax() || ( defined( 'REST_REQUEST' ) && REST_REQUEST ) || ( defined( 'DOING_CRON' ) && DOING_CRON ) ) {
			return false;
		}
		if ( isset( $_GET['ctps_off'] ) || isset( $_GET['ctps_assets'] ) || isset( $_GET['elementor-preview'] ) || isset( $_GET['fl_builder'] ) || isset( $_GET['et_fb'] ) || isset( $_GET['ct_builder'] ) || isset( $_GET['bricks'] ) ) { // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.NonceVerification
			return false;
		}
		if ( function_exists( 'is_amp_endpoint' ) && is_amp_endpoint() ) {
			return false;
		}
		if ( CTPS_Post_Meta::current( '_ctps_off' ) ) {
			return false;
		}
		return (bool) apply_filters( 'ctps_should_optimize', true );
	}

	/** @var bool The WordPress template buffer optimized this page. */
	private $enhanced = false;

	/**
	 * Fallback for pages the WordPress template buffer never sees (3.7.29).
	 *
	 * The WordPress template buffer (6.9+) is opened only when the template
	 * loader includes a template and nothing turns it off: some themes and
	 * plugins print the page and exit earlier, or keep it from starting, and
	 * those pages were never optimized. This outer buffer, opened early on
	 * template_redirect, optimizes the page only when the WordPress buffer did
	 * not; otherwise it passes the page through unchanged, so pages optimized
	 * by the WordPress buffer stay exactly as in 3.7.26.
	 */
	public function start_fallback() {
		if ( ! self::wp_buffer() || ! $this->should_optimize() ) {
			return;
		}
		ob_start( array( $this, 'fallback_buffer' ) );
		add_action( 'shutdown', array( $this, 'close_buffers' ), 0 );
	}

	public function fallback_buffer( $html, $phase = PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL ) {
		if ( $this->enhanced ) {
			// Parts held back by an earlier flush are sent unchanged too.
			$out          = $this->chunks . $html;
			$this->chunks = '';
			return $out;
		}
		if ( ( $phase & PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL ) && CTPS_Log::enabled() ) {
			CTPS_Log::add( 'optimize', 'WordPress template buffer did not run: fallback buffer used' );
		}
		return $this->end_buffer( $html, $phase );
	}

	public function start_buffer() {
		if ( ! $this->should_optimize() ) {
			return;
		}
		if ( CTPS_Log::enabled() ) {
			CTPS_Log::add( 'optimize', self::wp_buffer() ? 'Buffer started (WordPress template buffer)' : 'Buffer started' );
		}
		if ( self::wp_buffer() ) {
			add_filter( 'wp_template_enhancement_output_buffer', array( $this, 'enhance' ) );
			return;
		}
		ob_start( array( $this, 'end_buffer' ) );
		add_action( 'shutdown', array( $this, 'close_buffers' ), 0 );
	}

	/** WordPress 6.9+ provides the template enhancement output buffer. */
	public static function wp_buffer() {
		return function_exists( 'wp_start_template_enhancement_output_buffer' ) && (bool) apply_filters( 'ctps_use_template_buffer', true );
	}

	/** Filter of the WordPress template output buffer (6.9+): the whole page. */
	public function enhance( $html ) {
		$this->enhanced = true;
		return ( is_string( $html ) && '' !== $html ) ? $this->optimize_page( $html ) : $html;
	}

	/** Action after every template enhancement (6.9+): the page as sent, stored in the cache. */
	public function store_final( $html ) {
		if ( ! $this->store_ok || ! is_string( $html ) || '' !== CTPS_Page_Cache::not_cacheable_reason( $html ) ) {
			return;
		}
		$this->store_ok = false;
		try {
			CTPS_Page_Cache::store( $html );
		} catch ( \Throwable $e ) {
			CTPS_Log::error( $e, 'Page cache store' );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Before WordPress 6.9: the buffers opened by this plugin are closed here,
	 * on shutdown, before WordPress flushes the others. A buffer of another
	 * plugin opened later stays on top and is left to WordPress.
	 */
	public function close_buffers() {
		$mine = array( __CLASS__ . '::end_buffer', __CLASS__ . '::outer_buffer', __CLASS__ . '::fallback_buffer' );
		while ( ob_get_level() > 0 ) {
			$status = ob_get_status();
			if ( empty( $status['name'] ) || ! in_array( $status['name'], $mine, true ) ) {
				break;
			}
			ob_end_flush();
		}
	}

	/** @var string Parts of the page already sent by ob_flush(). */
	private $chunks = '';

	/** @var bool Outer capture buffer active for this request. */
	private $outer = false;

	/** @var bool The inner pass decided this page may be cached. */
	private $store_ok = false;

	/** @var string Chunks for the outer buffer. */
	private $outer_chunks = '';

	public function outer_buffer( $html, $phase = PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL ) {
		// ob_clean()/ob_end_clean(): $html is discarded output, never part of the page.
		if ( $phase & PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_CLEAN ) {
			if ( $phase & PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL ) {
				$this->outer_chunks = '';
				$this->store_ok     = false;
			}
			return '';
		}
		if ( ! ( $phase & PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL ) ) {
			$this->outer_chunks .= $html;
			return $html;
		}
		$final              = $this->outer_chunks . $html;
		$this->outer_chunks = '';
		if ( $this->store_ok && '' === CTPS_Page_Cache::not_cacheable_reason( $final ) ) {
			try {
				CTPS_Page_Cache::store( $final );
			} catch ( \Throwable $e ) {
				CTPS_Log::error( $e, 'Page cache store' );
			}
		}
		return $html;
	}

	public function end_buffer( $html, $phase = PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL ) {
		// ob_clean()/ob_end_clean(): $html is discarded output. Chunks held back
		// from earlier ob_flush() calls stay (they were meant to be sent); after
		// ob_end_clean() nothing is optimized or cached.
		if ( $phase & PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_CLEAN ) {
			if ( $phase & PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL ) {
				$this->chunks = '';
			}
			return '';
		}
		// If someone calls ob_flush() chunks arrive: only the whole page is optimized.
		if ( ! ( $phase & PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL ) ) {
			$this->chunks .= $html;
			return '';
		}
		$html         = $this->chunks . $html;
		$this->chunks = '';
		return $this->optimize_page( $html );
	}

	private function optimize_page( $html ) {
		// Transformations of resource URLs, before the HTML optimization
		// (so preload and preconnect already point to the final versions).
		$pre = array();
		if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'conditional_assets' ) && WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'plugin_assets' ) ) {
			$pre[] = array( 'WPADAPT_Plugin_Assets', 'process' ); // First: works on the original WordPress tag ids.
		}
		if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'turnstile_lazy' ) ) {
			$pre[] = array( 'WPADAPT_Turnstile_Lazy', 'process' );
		}
		if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'local_google_fonts' ) ) {
			$pre[] = array( 'CTPS_Fonts', 'process' );
		}
		if ( CTPS_Webp::serve_on() || CTPS_Webp::avif_on() ) {
			$pre[] = array( 'CTPS_Webp', 'process' );
		}
		if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'used_css' ) && WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'used_css' ) ) {
			$pre[] = array( 'CTPS_Used_CSS', 'process' ); // Before minification: compares the original URLs.
		}
		if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'minify_css' ) && WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'css_minify' ) ) {
			$pre[] = array( 'CTPS_CSS_Minify', 'process' );
		}
		if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'js_minify' ) && WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'js_minify' ) ) {
			$pre[] = array( 'CTPS_JS_Minify', 'process' );
		}
		if ( '' !== (string) CTPS_Settings::get( 'cdn_url' ) ) {
			$pre[] = array( 'CTPS_CDN', 'process' ); // Last: also applies to WebP, fonts and generated CSS.
		}
		if ( false !== stripos( $html, '</head>' ) ) {
			foreach ( $pre as $cb ) {
				try {
					$out = call_user_func( $cb, $html );
					if ( is_string( $out ) && '' !== $out ) {
						$html = $out;
					}
				} catch ( \Throwable $e ) {
					CTPS_Log::error( $e, implode( '::', $cb ) );
				}
			}
		}

		$host    = wp_parse_url( home_url(), PHP_URL_HOST );
		$options = CTPS_Compat::apply( CTPS_Settings::all() );
		$options = WPADAPT_Policy::apply_options( $options );
		$started = microtime( true );
		if ( CTPS_Post_Meta::current( '_ctps_no_js' ) ) {
			$options['defer_js'] = 0;
			$options['delay_js'] = 0;
		}
		if ( CTPS_Post_Meta::current( '_ctps_no_lazy' ) ) {
			$options['lazy_load']    = 0;
			$options['lazy_bg']      = 0;
			$options['lazy_iframes'] = 0;
		}
		$optimizer = new CTPS_HTML_Optimizer(
			$options,
			$host,
			CTPS_Settings::on( 'add_dimensions' ) ? array( 'CTPS_Media', 'resolve_dimensions' ) : null
		);

		try {
			$optimized = $optimizer->process( $html );
		} catch ( \Throwable $e ) {
			CTPS_Log::error( $e, 'HTML optimizer' );
			return $html; // Never break the page.
		}

		if ( ! is_string( $optimized ) || '' === $optimized ) {
			return $html;
		}

		$reason = CTPS_Page_Cache::not_cacheable_reason( $optimized );
		if ( ! WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'page_cache' ) || ! CTPS_Settings::on( 'page_cache' ) ) {
			$reason = 'Page cache delegated to another provider';
		} elseif ( '' === $reason ) {
			if ( $this->outer ) {
				$this->store_ok = true; // Stored by outer_buffer() with the final HTML.
			} else {
				CTPS_Page_Cache::store( $optimized );
			}
		}
		if ( CTPS_Log::enabled() ) {
			CTPS_Log::add(
				'optimize',
				'' === $reason ? 'Page optimized and cached' : 'Page optimized, not cached: ' . $reason,
				array_merge(
					$optimizer->stats(),
					array(
						'ms'    => (int) round( ( microtime( true ) - $started ) * 1000 ),
						'bytes' => strlen( $html ) . '→' . strlen( $optimized ),
					)
				)
			);
		}

		return $optimized;
	}

	/**
	 * Prefetch of internal links on mouse hover (Speculation Rules).
	 * WordPress 6.8+ already does it in "conservative" mode: here we make it more effective.
	 */
	private function prefetch_links() {
		if ( ! CTPS_Settings::on( 'prefetch_links' ) ) {
			return;
		}
		if ( function_exists( 'wp_get_speculation_rules_configuration' ) ) {
			add_filter(
				'wp_speculation_rules_configuration',
				function ( $config ) {
					return is_array( $config ) ? array( 'mode' => 'prefetch', 'eagerness' => 'moderate' ) : $config;
				}
			);
			return;
		}
		add_action(
			'wp_footer',
			function () {
				if ( is_user_logged_in() ) {
					return;
				}
				$rules = array(
					'prefetch' => array(
						array(
							'source'    => 'document',
							'where'     => array(
								'and' => array(
									array( 'href_matches' => '/*' ),
									array( 'not' => array( 'href_matches' => array( '/wp-admin/*', '/wp-login.php*', '/*\\?*', '/carrello/*', '/cart/*', '/checkout/*', '/*.php' ) ) ),
									array( 'not' => array( 'selector_matches' => '.no-prefetch, [rel~=nofollow]' ) ),
								),
							),
							'eagerness' => 'moderate',
						),
					),
				);
				wp_print_inline_script_tag( wp_json_encode( $rules ), array( 'type' => 'speculationrules' ) );
			}
		);
	}

	public static function load_textdomain() {
		load_plugin_textdomain( 'celero-adaptive-speed', false, dirname( plugin_basename( WPADAPT_FILE ) ) . '/languages' ); // phpcs:ignore PluginCheck.CodeAnalysis.DiscouragedFunctions.load_plugin_textdomainFound -- loads the bundled translations when the plugin is installed outside WordPress.org
	}

	public static function activate() {
		// One cache folder, early config, drop-ins and .htaccess for the whole
		// network: multisite is not supported yet. Nothing is set up there and
		// the plugin only shows a notice (see the constructor).
		if ( is_multisite() ) {
			return;
		}
		// Activation must never fail just because an optional server feature
		// (Redis, writable .htaccess, cron, database DDL, mail, etc.) is
		// unavailable. WordPress should be able to finish installing the
		// plugin and the dashboard can report/repair the individual feature.
		$steps = array(
			function () {
				CTPS_Settings::flush_cache();
				if ( false === get_option( CTPS_Settings::OPTION ) ) {
					// Safe Mode on first install: no JavaScript/CSS rewriting and no
					// feature that changes site behaviour until the user chooses it.
					add_option( CTPS_Settings::OPTION, CTPS_Settings::install_defaults() );
					update_option( 'ctps_profile', 'safe', false );
				}
			},
			function () { wp_mkdir_p( CTPS_CACHE_DIR ); },
			function () { delete_option( 'ctps_disabled_cleaned' ); },
			function () { self::upgrade(); },
			function () { CTPS_Safety::key(); }, // Recovery link, shown in the Safety section (never emailed unless asked).
			function () { CTPS_Preload::schedule(); },
			function () {
				if ( ! get_option( 'ctps_wizard_done' ) ) {
					update_option( 'ctps_wizard_redirect', 1, false );
				}
			},
		);

		foreach ( $steps as $step ) {
			try {
				call_user_func( $step );
			} catch ( \Throwable $e ) {
				// Do not turn a recoverable hosting limitation into a failed
				// WordPress activation. Logging is best-effort as well.
				if ( class_exists( 'CTPS_Log' ) ) {
					try {
						CTPS_Log::error( $e, 'Activation' );
					} catch ( \Throwable $ignored ) {
						// Intentionally ignored: activation must complete.
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}


	/**
	 * Run on activation and when the plugin version changes.
	 */
	public static function upgrade() {
		// Older versions emailed the recovery link after activation: not any more.
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( 'ctps_send_recovery_mail' );
		$s = get_option( CTPS_Settings::OPTION );
		if ( is_array( $s ) && isset( $s['delay_patterns'] ) && str_replace( "\r", '', $s['delay_patterns'] ) === CTPS_Settings::DELAY_OLD ) {
			$s['delay_patterns'] = CTPS_Settings::DELAY_DEFAULT;
			update_option( CTPS_Settings::OPTION, $s );
			CTPS_Settings::flush_cache();
		}
		if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
			// Drop-ins and .htaccess are shared by the whole network: single site only.
			if ( CTPS_Settings::on( 'htaccess_rules' ) && WPADAPT_Policy::can( 'htaccess_rules' ) ) {
				CTPS_Htaccess::write();
			}
			CTPS_Object_Cache::maybe_update();
		}
		if ( ! wp_next_scheduled( 'ctps_purge_expired' ) ) {
			wp_schedule_event( time() + HOUR_IN_SECONDS, 'hourly', 'ctps_purge_expired' );
		}
		if ( ! wp_next_scheduled( CTPS_PSI::HOOK ) ) {
			wp_schedule_event( time() + 10 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS, 'daily', CTPS_PSI::HOOK );
		}
		CTPS_Safety::key();
		CTPS_RUM::install();
		CTPS_Report::schedule();
		if ( get_option( 'ctps_version' ) !== CTPS_VERSION ) {
			// Cached pages were generated by the previous version.
			CTPS_Page_Cache::purge_all();
		}
		update_option( 'ctps_version', CTPS_VERSION );
	}

	public static function deactivate() {
		if ( class_exists( 'WPADAPT_Early_Cache' ) ) {
			WPADAPT_Early_Cache::disable();
		}
		CTPS_Object_Cache::on_deactivate();
		CTPS_Htaccess::remove();
		CTPS_Page_Cache::remove_all();
		CTPS_Assets::remove_all();
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( 'ctps_purge_expired' );
		CTPS_Webp_Replace::stop_bg();
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( CTPS_PSI::HOOK );
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( CTPS_Preload::HOOK );
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( CTPS_PSI::NEXT );
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( CTPS_Report::HOOK );
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( 'ctps_send_recovery_mail' );
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( 'wpadapt_experiment_cron' );
		wp_clear_scheduled_hook( 'wpadapt_rum_guard_check' );
		// Font downloads are scheduled with arguments: remove every instance.
		wp_unschedule_hook( CTPS_Fonts::HOOK );
		delete_option( CTPS_Preload::QUEUE );
		delete_option( 'ctps_version' );
	}
}